Module 5 Red Queens and Increasing Returns
When you decided to obtain a DVD for your science fiction assignment in Module 4, where did you go to find a movie based on a Philip K. Dick book? Did you rent or purchase a DVD, or did you view it digitally on yor computer using Netflix or a similar vendor of video-on-demand?
I went to the University library where I teach and checked out the movie "Minority Report" on DVD from the media center. I do not have Netflix in my home at this time. I watched the movie on my PC.
Is the current competition between DVD's and video-on-demand an example of incrasing returns or Red Queens? Justify your response with sound reasoning and specific examples.
According to Thornburg (2008), the term "Red Queen" is attached to phenomena when the competition between two forces ends up with both of them rapidly developing. Red Queens exist in emerging technology and an example would be the early competition between Netscape (now Firefox) and Microsoft. Because of fierce competition between venders, there is a lot of incentive for new and improved feature sets for software programs.
Increasing returns on the other hand, is defined as the tendency for the ones that are ahead to get further ahead and for those behind to lose further advantage. In other words, increasing returns cause products that are ahead to "get further ahead" (Arthur, 1996, p. 100).
The competition between DVD's and video-on-demand is an example of a Red Queen. The DVD technology is running as fast as it can to keep up with Streaming Video services, however the DVD market is losing that race. The convenience of streaming and video-on-demand is quickly obsoleting the DVD store front market. Televisions, computers, and gaming devices are becoming more and more advanced and will eventually phase out the DVD market.
Where do you think DVD's and video-on-demand are on the four criteria of McLuhan's tetrad?
According to McLuhan's tetrad, all emerging technologies go through the four stages of the tetrad including enhancement, retrieval, obsolescense, and reversal. I think that DVD's are on the reversal phase and are setting the stage for their own demise in the near future. The video-on-demand are on the enhancement phase because they allow us to streamline and have surpassed video storefronts and video by mail services.
References:
Arthur, W.B. (1996). Increasing returns and the new world of business. Harvard Business review, 74(4), 100-109.
Thornburg, D. (2008). Red Queens, butterflies, and strange attractors: Imperfect lenses into emergent technologies. Lake Barrington, IL: Thornburg Center for Space Exploration.
I went to the University library where I teach and checked out the movie "Minority Report" on DVD from the media center. I do not have Netflix in my home at this time. I watched the movie on my PC.
Is the current competition between DVD's and video-on-demand an example of incrasing returns or Red Queens? Justify your response with sound reasoning and specific examples.
According to Thornburg (2008), the term "Red Queen" is attached to phenomena when the competition between two forces ends up with both of them rapidly developing. Red Queens exist in emerging technology and an example would be the early competition between Netscape (now Firefox) and Microsoft. Because of fierce competition between venders, there is a lot of incentive for new and improved feature sets for software programs.
Increasing returns on the other hand, is defined as the tendency for the ones that are ahead to get further ahead and for those behind to lose further advantage. In other words, increasing returns cause products that are ahead to "get further ahead" (Arthur, 1996, p. 100).
The competition between DVD's and video-on-demand is an example of a Red Queen. The DVD technology is running as fast as it can to keep up with Streaming Video services, however the DVD market is losing that race. The convenience of streaming and video-on-demand is quickly obsoleting the DVD store front market. Televisions, computers, and gaming devices are becoming more and more advanced and will eventually phase out the DVD market.
Where do you think DVD's and video-on-demand are on the four criteria of McLuhan's tetrad?
According to McLuhan's tetrad, all emerging technologies go through the four stages of the tetrad including enhancement, retrieval, obsolescense, and reversal. I think that DVD's are on the reversal phase and are setting the stage for their own demise in the near future. The video-on-demand are on the enhancement phase because they allow us to streamline and have surpassed video storefronts and video by mail services.
References:
Arthur, W.B. (1996). Increasing returns and the new world of business. Harvard Business review, 74(4), 100-109.
Thornburg, D. (2008). Red Queens, butterflies, and strange attractors: Imperfect lenses into emergent technologies. Lake Barrington, IL: Thornburg Center for Space Exploration.
The Disruptive Power of Second Life
How is Second Life a disruptive technology?
Thornburg (2009) stated that disruptive technologies were new technology with the same functionality of an existing one, yet they function more efficiently and obsolete the existing technology. Christensen (2002) stated that disruptive technology could be broken down into two types; 1) one that does not create a new market, but changes the product, or 2) a new technology that disrupts existing technology and obsoletes it. Either way, disruptive technologies can potentially change pedagogy and impact curriculum and instruction. Second Life Education has effected educational instruction and may be replacing some online instruction as well as traditional instruction.
What technology or innovation did it replace?
I think that Second Life replaced some of the gaming technology. I also think that it has potential to replace online learning or some facets of online learning. For example, the virtual worlds are being used by some educational institutions for lecture rooms and meeting halls. Some nursing schools are using the virtual world to teach maternity nursing and the avatars are delivering babies in a virtual maternity ward.
How many years do you think Second Life has left before another emerging technology replaces it?
According to Thornburg (2009) in the video "Disruptive Technologies", no technology is secure for very long because there will be another technology that will emerge and obsolete the first one.
What are the social benefits of Second Life, and what might be the social implications of virtual worlds in your industry?
According to Rosedale (2008) Second Life could be used to spark creativity in participants to design things that are new and imaginative, and give individuals the chance to begin again, leave society, and transform themselves. My industry is nursing and I believe that Second Life Education could encourage nursing students to to connect with nursing students around the world and exchange and receive information.
References:
Christensen, C. (2002). The innovation economy: How technology is transforming existing industries and creating new ones [Video Podcast]. Laureate Education, Inc.
Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2009). Disruptive Technologies. Baltimore: Author.
Rosedale, P. (2008). Philip Rosedale on Second Life [Video]. Retrieved from http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/the_inspiration_of_second _life.html
Thornburg (2009) stated that disruptive technologies were new technology with the same functionality of an existing one, yet they function more efficiently and obsolete the existing technology. Christensen (2002) stated that disruptive technology could be broken down into two types; 1) one that does not create a new market, but changes the product, or 2) a new technology that disrupts existing technology and obsoletes it. Either way, disruptive technologies can potentially change pedagogy and impact curriculum and instruction. Second Life Education has effected educational instruction and may be replacing some online instruction as well as traditional instruction.
What technology or innovation did it replace?
I think that Second Life replaced some of the gaming technology. I also think that it has potential to replace online learning or some facets of online learning. For example, the virtual worlds are being used by some educational institutions for lecture rooms and meeting halls. Some nursing schools are using the virtual world to teach maternity nursing and the avatars are delivering babies in a virtual maternity ward.
How many years do you think Second Life has left before another emerging technology replaces it?
According to Thornburg (2009) in the video "Disruptive Technologies", no technology is secure for very long because there will be another technology that will emerge and obsolete the first one.
What are the social benefits of Second Life, and what might be the social implications of virtual worlds in your industry?
According to Rosedale (2008) Second Life could be used to spark creativity in participants to design things that are new and imaginative, and give individuals the chance to begin again, leave society, and transform themselves. My industry is nursing and I believe that Second Life Education could encourage nursing students to to connect with nursing students around the world and exchange and receive information.
References:
Christensen, C. (2002). The innovation economy: How technology is transforming existing industries and creating new ones [Video Podcast]. Laureate Education, Inc.
Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2009). Disruptive Technologies. Baltimore: Author.
Rosedale, P. (2008). Philip Rosedale on Second Life [Video]. Retrieved from http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/the_inspiration_of_second _life.html
Module 3 Rhymes of History Blog Post
In the video "Rhymes of History" (Laureate Education, Inc., 2009), Dr. David Thornburg described rhymes of history as "the affect or impact of a new development that rekindles something from the distant past." I was thinking about group communication that can be used by families or by organizations to contact people at once via a cell phone, text message, or voice message. Group Communication is available at the universoty where I am employed. We have this service for all faculty, staff, and students who wish to be notified in cases of extreme or inclement weather, impending danger, or any campus emergency. A rhyme of history that group communication rekindles is the smoke signals which were used to alert a large number of people impending danger or to give an all clear sign.
References:
Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2009). Rhymes of History. Baltimore: Author.
Smoke Signals. (2004). Retrieved from http://library.thinkquest.org/04oct/00451/smokesignals.htm
References:
Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2009). Rhymes of History. Baltimore: Author.
Smoke Signals. (2004). Retrieved from http://library.thinkquest.org/04oct/00451/smokesignals.htm
Module 2 Blog
EDUC 8848 Module 2 Blog
SKYPE
Enhancement:
Enhances one on one video chatting that is free between two SKYPE users. Enhances face to face instruction for online educators.
Enhances caller to caller teleconferencing for up to five callers.
Obsolescense:
Obsoletes the landline telephone
Obsoletes emailing to keep in touch
Obsoletes pay phones
Rekindle or Retrieval:
In an online educational setting, SKYPE rekindles more traditional face to face instructor to student interactions.
Rekindles person to person interaction in real time and rekindles social skills that may have been lost through emailing and testing.
Reversal:
Sets the stage for its own demise because future SKYPE use may be costly, thus lessening its popularity among the masses.
SKYPE may be replaced with holographic technology
SKYPE does not provide anonymous communication and this may lead to its demise.
SKYPE
Enhancement:
Enhances one on one video chatting that is free between two SKYPE users. Enhances face to face instruction for online educators.
Enhances caller to caller teleconferencing for up to five callers.
Obsolescense:
Obsoletes the landline telephone
Obsoletes emailing to keep in touch
Obsoletes pay phones
Rekindle or Retrieval:
In an online educational setting, SKYPE rekindles more traditional face to face instructor to student interactions.
Rekindles person to person interaction in real time and rekindles social skills that may have been lost through emailing and testing.
Reversal:
Sets the stage for its own demise because future SKYPE use may be costly, thus lessening its popularity among the masses.
SKYPE may be replaced with holographic technology
SKYPE does not provide anonymous communication and this may lead to its demise.
Blog Post Module 1 (EDUC 8848)
A current technology that has emerged in the last few years that helps to shape learning, comprehension, and productivity at UT Martin is the addition of the Echo360 classroom.
Echo360 is a lecture capture system that allows students to gain access to course content and review at their leisure from rich media or podcasts on Blackboard, the school's course management system. The EchoSystem has capability to capture video, audio, and classroom visuals including professor handwriting.
The problems and or challenges from the Echo360 classroom were that one classroom on a campus with 4,000+ students was not feasible to fit our needs. With the surge of online class offerings at the university, the greater the need for professors to utilize the technolgy to capture and publish their course content onto Blackboard. Instructors at the university had to reserve the room in advance and wait for their turn to use the room to record course content. This simply was not feasible and instructors were unable to meet deadlines for publishing coursework online. More Echo360 classrooms had to be set up to help accomodate the needs of the campus and currently there are at least one 360 classroom per building on campus.
The Echo360 classroom has extended the face-to-face classroom to the online learners which is a societal need. It is user-friendly and recordings start immediately when the instructor begins speaking. There is an editing feature that the instructor can use to correct mishaps or mistakes. The Echo360 digitalizes the content and students may watch on the computer or their favorite mobile equipment. The technology is student centered and that is what I like about it because I teach a lot of fundamental skills to nursing students.
To make this technology even better, I would suggest that every classroom on campus needs to be Echo360 ready. The university has recently purchased software called Echo360 Personal Capture to create Echo360 recordings from the professors personal computers. Unfortunately, half of the professors on campus have MAC operating system and Personal Capure will not function properly at this time.
Echo360 is a lecture capture system that allows students to gain access to course content and review at their leisure from rich media or podcasts on Blackboard, the school's course management system. The EchoSystem has capability to capture video, audio, and classroom visuals including professor handwriting.
The problems and or challenges from the Echo360 classroom were that one classroom on a campus with 4,000+ students was not feasible to fit our needs. With the surge of online class offerings at the university, the greater the need for professors to utilize the technolgy to capture and publish their course content onto Blackboard. Instructors at the university had to reserve the room in advance and wait for their turn to use the room to record course content. This simply was not feasible and instructors were unable to meet deadlines for publishing coursework online. More Echo360 classrooms had to be set up to help accomodate the needs of the campus and currently there are at least one 360 classroom per building on campus.
The Echo360 classroom has extended the face-to-face classroom to the online learners which is a societal need. It is user-friendly and recordings start immediately when the instructor begins speaking. There is an editing feature that the instructor can use to correct mishaps or mistakes. The Echo360 digitalizes the content and students may watch on the computer or their favorite mobile equipment. The technology is student centered and that is what I like about it because I teach a lot of fundamental skills to nursing students.
To make this technology even better, I would suggest that every classroom on campus needs to be Echo360 ready. The university has recently purchased software called Echo360 Personal Capture to create Echo360 recordings from the professors personal computers. Unfortunately, half of the professors on campus have MAC operating system and Personal Capure will not function properly at this time.
Emerging and Future Technology EDUC 8848
I will be using this Blog for EDUC 8848 Emerging and Future Technology class.
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